Lightning Componentの開発では一手間追加しないとSVGタグを利用できません。Trailheadにそれを解決するためのSVGコンポーネントの作り方が紹介されていました。
Build a basic SVG Icon Component Step | Salesforce Trailhead
自作のSVGコンポーネント
svg.cmp
<aura:component >
<aura:attribute name="class" type="String" description="CSS classname for the SVG element" />
<aura:attribute name="xlinkHref" type="String" description="SLDS icon path. Ex: /assets/icons/utility-sprite/svg/symbols.svg#download" />
<aura:attribute name="ariaHidden" type="String" default="true" description="aria-hidden true or false. defaults to true" />
</aura:component>svgRenderer.js
({
render: function(component, helper) {
//grab attributes from the component markup
var classname = component.get("v.class");
var xlinkhref = component.get("v.xlinkHref");
var ariaHidden = component.get("v.ariaHidden");
//return an svg element w/ the attributes
var svg = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "svg");
svg.setAttribute('class', classname);
svg.setAttribute('aria-hidden', ariaHidden);
svg.innerHTML = '<use xlink:href="'+xlinkhref+'"></use>';
return svg;
}
})account.app
<aura:application>
<div class="slds" style="margin-top:10px;margin-left:10px;">
<ltng:require styles="/resource/SLDS090/assets/styles/salesforce-lightning-design-system-ltng.css" />
<span class="slds-icon__container slds-icon-standard-account">
<c:svg class="slds-icon" xlinkHref="/resource/SLDS090/assets/icons/standard-sprite/svg/symbols.svg#account" />
<span class="slds-assistive-text">Account Icon</span>
</span>
</div>
</aura:application>